From the article you will learn what signs can show varicose veins of the lower extremities, causes of pathology, treatment and prevention at home.
WHAT IS VARICOSE?
Varicose veins are a pathology of veins, which is based on a malfunction of the vessel valve apparatus with the formation of venous insufficiency, lumen dilation, congestion, which are associated with persistent tissue pastiness.MAIN CAUSES OF THE PATHOLOGY
Varicose veins in the legs have different causes and symptoms, which have small gender characteristics.The main common cause of pathology is called congenital connective tissue weakness.In second place are hormonal changes, so women are diagnosed with varicose veins more often. An extended static position, sitting or standing, plays a role, while the longer the legs, the more serious the situation. The extra pounds also provoke an increase in pressure in the veins of the lower extremities, as well as a lack of physical activity. Smoking, pregnancy, concomitant pathologies, tight underwear, shoes, heels, everything that causes stagnation of blood circulation in the veins of the legs are risk factors for varicose veins.
Symptoms and clinical manifestations
Signs of varicose veins in women and men do not differ substantially. It is a staged disease, the symptoms of which are related to the stage of development of the pathological process.
The first stage is characterized by small clinical manifestations: veins barely appear on the surface of the skin, dermis is slightly hyperemic, heaviness in the feet begins to bother, evening pastiness of the feet, legs, convulsions are possible. Such symptoms of varicose veins of the legs are especially painful for women from an aesthetic point of view. Pain is often preceded by visual cues.
In the second stage, the clinical picture takes on a typical appearance: the veins in the legs protrude significantly above the surface of the skin, palpate well, resembling joints. If the pathological process progresses, the veins of the lower extremities take the form of sinuses, a bluish-purple tinge, sometimes they become black.
Symptoms of varicose veins of the third stage are characterized by the development of complications: trophic disorders appear, the skin resembles parchment, edema and cramps become common, the feet become covered with redness, begin to itch, join the secondary flora, pyoderma layers, dermatitis, eczema.The fourth stage of varicose veins of the lower extremities is more severe in terms of symptoms: the skin over the swollen veins becomes inflamed, nearby tissues are involved, trophic ulcers open, leg pain with veinswith varicose veins is permanent, the addition of a secondary infection provokes thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, urgent hospitalization, complex treatment.
WHAT D DOCTOR TO CONSULT?
A phlebologist deals with leg pain with varicose veins, but a vascular surgeon can also make the initial appointment. It all depends on the severity of the pathology. The phlebologist prescribes conservative therapy or refers to a vascular surgeon for consultation to resolve the issue of surgery.Without a thorough clinical and laboratory examination, an accurate diagnosis is not possible. Instrumental diagnostic methods help to clarify the stage of pathology, the duration of the tests lasts 10 minutes, maximum - half an hour. The result of the examination is announced by the doctor immediately, at the first appointment. The choice of adequate therapy depends on the stage of the pathology.
TREATMENT FEATURES
Therapy for varicose veins lies in the "three pillars": drug treatment, minimally invasive techniques, operative classics.
CONSERVATIVE THERAPY
In addition to the general mandatory recommendations for varicose veins: dosing, regular physical activity, minimizing static load on the legs, exercise therapy, wearing compression stockings, use of elastic bandages - conservative therapy involves the appointment of phlebotonics based onflavonoids, horse chestnut extract. These are systemic tablets: synthetic and based on natural ingredients.
Most often, oral administration is combined with external eponymous therapy for varicose veins. According to doctors and patients, the most effective combination of capsules and gel.
Of course, you should not expect a complete cure from conservative methods, medicines are not able to recover varicose veins, but as a preventive measure, in preparation for surgery, the impossibility of surgical treatment of veins withvaricose veins - these medications guarantee the suspension of disease progression and relieve symptoms.
COMMERCIAL SCLEROTHERAPY
The essence of minimally invasive therapy for varicose veins is to inject a special sclerosing drug into the varicose vein. Through a syringe, the doctor injects a foamy solution into the vein, which fills the deformed vessel, spraying it.
The patient is put in a compression sock, which is designed to hold the container in this position. Within three days, the walls of the veins stick together, the vessel is shut off from normal blood flow and emptied. You should wear compression stockings for at least a month, sometimes two. The criteria for the effectiveness of the treatment are the adhesions formed.
Compression sclerotherapy is performed if varicose veins are not complicated by reverse blood flow from deep to superficial vessels through venous communication.If such a counter-leak is present, the effectiveness of the procedure tends to be zero.
OPERATIVE INTERVENTION
Surgery - has been and remains the most reliable and effective way to treat varicose veins, despite the presence of reverse blood flow in the veins. But even here it is important to consult a doctor in time, as relapses often occur at later stages. Varicose veins are operated with different techniques: microsurgery, radiofrequency and laser coagulation of deformed veins.
In the initial stages, photocoagulation or laser removal of spider veins is effective. In later stages, phlebectomy is indicated - complete removal of the affected veins. The operation is traumatic, there is a risk of complications, so today doctors are trying to use the technique of less invasive miniflebectomy. If varicose veins are complicated by venous thrombosis, secondary infection occurs, krycectomy.
WHAT CAN YOU DO WITH KOOMBT VARICOSIS AT THAT HOME?
The essence of using folk remedies for the prevention and treatment of varicose veins comes down to removing toxins and toxins from the body by restoring normal blood flow. To do this, they balance the diet, including cabbage, tomatoes, peppers, herbs, citrus fruits, apples, peaches, cherries, cherries, strawberries, seed kernels, currants in daily dishes. The correct drinking diet should be calculated: 40 ml per kilogram of body weight.
Furthermore, they use the properties of green tomatoes, which bind in slices in the area of varicose veins in the form of compresses. The effect is guaranteed by lycopene - an antioxidant in fruit pulp, which improves the structure of the vascular wall, tones the veins. You can try the juice treatment: all vegetables that are eaten raw are suitable.
An extract of garlic and lemon is effective: phytoncides disperse cholesterol plaques, cleanse the lumen of blood vessels, a natural antibiotic, which is garlic, kills pathogenic flora and vitamin C strengthens the vein wall, prevents the deposition of salts. The tincture is prepared simply: chop 4 unpeeled lemons, 4 large heads of garlic, place the mixture in a jar, fill with warm boiled water, insist under the lid for three days, shake the container daily, filter, store in the cold, drink one-third of a glass at meals three times / dayCourse - drink 12 liters of the resulting solution.
Apple cider vinegar is widely considered a source of minerals and vitamins; for varicose veins, it is taken orally in the morning and in the evening by dissolving two teaspoons of the product in a glass of water. Outside: rub varicose veins with a tampon soaked in vinegar to relieve itching and pain.
Compresses are made with honey, using a sterile napkin with the product in the area of varicose veins for two hours under a film. Use crushed cabbage leaves with vegetable oil under a bandage overnight. Course - month.
PREVENTION
Prevention of varicose veins has two purposes: to prevent the onset of the disease and to reduce the number of relapses. For this: you can not go to the sauna or take a very hot bath, lift weights. It is recommended to exercise a lot, excluding strength sports, weight control and minimizing the consumption of very spicy and fatty foods.
No need to wear tight clothes, socks, knee-high, socks with a tight elastic band, cross your legs while sitting. Women are encouraged to give up high heels.
At night - take cold foot baths, you can soak your feet in cold water in the morning. It is necessary to abandon bad habits, to master the self-massage of the point: caressing the skin of the lower extremities from bottom to top and in the opposite direction for 10 minutes, minimizing stress, avoiding overheating, colds, undergoing medical examination.
With varicose veins, it is reasonable to visit the pool, walk, take a contrast bath at home, and wear compression stockings constantly.